Air Brake System Overview/en - Revision history

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	Every {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with mechanical {{pll\|Braking Overview\|brakes}}. They function by physically pressing {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.		Every {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with mechanical {{pll\|Braking Overview\|brakes}}. They function by physically pressing {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.

	Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. More importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|~~Independent~~ Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:		Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. More importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Train Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:

	==== Main Reservoir ====		==== Main Reservoir ====

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	~~Each~~ {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with mechanical {{pll\|Braking Overview\|brakes}} ~~that~~ function by pressing {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.		Every {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with mechanical {{pll\|Braking Overview\|brakes}}. They function by physically pressing {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.

	Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. ~~Even more~~ importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Independent Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:		Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. More importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Independent Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:

	==== Main Reservoir ====		==== Main Reservoir ====

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	==== Brake Pipe ====		==== Brake Pipe ====

	Brake pipe is a system of air lines designed to distribute compressed air throughout an entire train. On a properly coupled train, air line hoses are connected between individual vehicles with their valves open. At the ends of the train, however, ~~their~~ valves are closed. This allows the pipe to be pressurized at {{pll\|Monitoring\|5 bar}} in normal running conditions, throughout the train, by available main reservoirs. The volume of brake pipes is relatively low, but it grows bigger with each additional coupled vehicle.		Brake pipe is a system of air lines designed to distribute compressed air throughout an entire train. On a properly coupled train, air line hoses are connected between individual vehicles with their valves open. At the ends of the train, however, the valves are closed. This allows the pipe to be pressurized at {{pll\|Monitoring\|5 bar}} in normal running conditions, throughout the train, by available main reservoirs. The volume of brake pipes is relatively low, but it grows bigger with each additional coupled vehicle.

	==== Auxiliary Reservoirs ====		==== Auxiliary Reservoirs ====
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	==== Train Charging ====		==== Train Charging ====

	Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main reservoirs, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor(s)}} ~~can pump~~, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.		Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main reservoirs, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor(s)}} allow it, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.

	Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.		Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, and so is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.

	==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====		==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====

	Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case a vehicle connection is severed, such as due to {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, emergency brakes ~~will be~~ automatically applied on both remaining train parts. This is because the brake pipe pressure ~~will be~~ lost to the atmosphere, and it is integral to the compressed air brake system design in trains.		Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case a vehicle connection is severed, such as due to a {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, emergency brakes are automatically applied on both remaining train parts. This is because the brake pipe pressure is lost to the atmosphere, and it is integral to the compressed air brake system design in trains.

	[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]		[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]

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	==== Main Reservoir ====		==== Main Reservoir ====

	Main reservoir is a high volume vessel found on {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles}}. This reservoir contains air, which is usually automatically pumped up to {{pll\|Monitoring\|8 bar}} by an onboard {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}}. The main reservoir is there to provide pressure ~~to the rest of~~ the brake system.		Main reservoir is a high volume vessel found on {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles}}. This reservoir contains air, which is usually automatically pumped up to {{pll\|Monitoring\|8 bar}} by an onboard {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}}. The main reservoir is there to provide pressure for the brake system, but sometimes also other systems, such as {{pll\|Horns, Bells & Whistles\|horns}} and {{pll\|Wipers\|wipers}}.

	==== Brake Pipe ====		==== Brake Pipe ====

	Brake pipe is a system of air lines designed to distribute compressed air throughout an entire train. On a properly coupled train, air line hoses are connected between individual vehicles with their valves open. At the ends of the train, however, ~~the~~ valves are closed. This allows the pipe to be pressurized at {{pll\|Monitoring\|5 bar}} in normal running conditions, throughout the train, by ~~the~~ main ~~reservoir~~. The volume of brake pipes is relatively low, but it grows bigger with each additional coupled vehicle.		Brake pipe is a system of air lines designed to distribute compressed air throughout an entire train. On a properly coupled train, air line hoses are connected between individual vehicles with their valves open. At the ends of the train, however, their valves are closed. This allows the pipe to be pressurized at {{pll\|Monitoring\|5 bar}} in normal running conditions, throughout the train, by available main reservoirs. The volume of brake pipes is relatively low, but it grows bigger with each additional coupled vehicle.

	==== Auxiliary Reservoirs ====		==== Auxiliary Reservoirs ====

	Auxiliary reservoirs are medium volume vessels found on each individual vehicle. Pressurized by the brake pipe, they store ~~pressure~~ that is ready to apply brakes on demand. While auxiliary reservoirs can take a long time to charge, they practically never run out during regular operation.		Auxiliary reservoirs are medium volume vessels found on each individual vehicle. Pressurized by the brake pipe, they store compressed air that is ready to apply brakes on demand. While auxiliary reservoirs can take a long time to charge, depending on the amount of vehicles in a train, they practically never run out during regular operation.

	==== Brake Cylinders ====		==== Brake Cylinders ====
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	==== Train Charging ====		==== Train Charging ====

	Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main ~~reservoir~~, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor(s)}} can, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.		Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main reservoirs, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor(s)}} can pump, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.

	Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.		Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.

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	Each {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with mechanical brakes that function by pressing {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.		Each {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with mechanical {{pll\|Braking Overview\|brakes}} that function by pressing {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.

	Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. Even more importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Independent Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:		Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. Even more importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Independent Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:

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	Each {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|~~mechanical brakes~~}} ~~that function by pressing brake shoes~~ against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.		Each {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with mechanical brakes that function by pressing {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.

	Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. Even more importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Independent Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:		Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. Even more importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Independent Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:
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	Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual braking force application. When pressurized by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.		Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual braking force application. When pressurized by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.

	Brake cylinder pressure can be {{pll\|Manual Cylinder Release\|manually dumped}}~~. This is useful~~ in situations where ~~brakes need to~~ be ~~released, but waiting for a motorized vehicle to pressurize the system first is undesirable~~.		Brake cylinder pressure can be {{pll\|Manual Cylinder Release\|manually dumped}} in situations where that may be desired.

	==== Brake Control Valve ====		==== Brake Control Valve ====

	Compressed air brakes, be it {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent}} or {{pll\|Train Brake\|train}}, are operated by control ~~devices~~ found in {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles' cabs}}, usually in the form of levers. There are {{pll\|Lapping\|different types of control valves}} and they need to be properly {{pll\|Brake Cutout\|cut in}} in order to function.		Compressed air brakes, be it {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent}} or {{pll\|Train Brake\|train}}, are operated by control valves found in {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles' cabs}}, usually in the form of levers. There are {{pll\|Lapping\|different types of control valves}} and they need to be properly {{pll\|Brake Cutout\|cut in}} in order to function.

	==== Train Charging ====		==== Train Charging ====

	Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main reservoir, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}} ~~is capable to~~, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.		Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main reservoir, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor(s)}} can, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.

	Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.		Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.
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	==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====		==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====

	Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case a vehicle connection is severed, such as due to {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, brake pipe pressure will be lost to the atmosphere, ~~resulting in automatic full brake application on both remaining train parts. This~~ is integral to the compressed air brake system design in trains.		Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case a vehicle connection is severed, such as due to {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, emergency brakes will be automatically applied on both remaining train parts. This is because the brake pipe pressure will be lost to the atmosphere, and it is integral to the compressed air brake system design in trains.

	[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]		[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]

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	==== Brake Control Valve ====		==== Brake Control Valve ====

	Compressed air brakes, be it {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent}} or {{pll\|Train Brake\|train}}, are operated by control devices found in {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles' cabs}}. There are {{pll\|Lapping\|different types of control valves}} and they need to be properly {{pll\|Brake Cutout\|cut in}} in order to function.		Compressed air brakes, be it {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent}} or {{pll\|Train Brake\|train}}, are operated by control devices found in {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles' cabs}}, usually in the form of levers. There are {{pll\|Lapping\|different types of control valves}} and they need to be properly {{pll\|Brake Cutout\|cut in}} in order to function.

	==== Train Charging ====		==== Train Charging ====

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	Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual braking force application. When pressurized by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.		Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual braking force application. When pressurized by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.

	Brake ~~cylinders~~ can be {{pll\|Manual Cylinder Release\|manually ~~released~~}}.		Brake cylinder pressure can be {{pll\|Manual Cylinder Release\|manually dumped}}. This is useful in situations where brakes need to be released, but waiting for a motorized vehicle to pressurize the system first is undesirable.

	==== Brake Control Valve ====		==== Brake Control Valve ====

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	In order to stop or slow down, {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|trains}} need a lot of braking force. For this reason each individual vehicle in a train is equipped with brakes, able to apply them almost simultaneously. Synchronous operation of all vehicles' brakes from a single vehicle, usually the leading locomotive, is accomplished by the compressed air mechanical brake system, simply called the {{pll\|Train Brake\|train brake}}.

	Each rail vehicle ~~has an air line hose on either end~~. ~~When vehicles are~~ {{pll\|~~Coupling~~\|~~coupled~~}} ~~together~~, ~~their~~ air ~~lines are connected too~~. ~~The~~ air ~~lines serve to propagate air pumped by~~ {{pll\|~~Rail Vehicle Types~~\|~~motorized vehicles~~}}, ~~which is used~~ to ~~control~~ the train~~'s brakes~~.		Each {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|mechanical brakes}} that function by pressing brake shoes against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.

			Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. Even more importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Independent Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:

	==== Main Reservoir ====		==== Main Reservoir ====

	Main reservoir is a high volume vessel found on motorized vehicles. ~~In most cases it~~ is automatically ~~kept pressurized at around~~ {{pll\|Monitoring\|8 bar}}, by an onboard {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}}. The main reservoir is there to provide pressure to the rest of the brake system.		Main reservoir is a high volume vessel found on {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles}}. This reservoir contains air, which is usually automatically pumped up to {{pll\|Monitoring\|8 bar}} by an onboard {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}}. The main reservoir is there to provide pressure to the rest of the brake system.

	==== Brake Pipe ====		==== Brake Pipe ====

	Brake pipe is a system of air lines ~~spanning through a~~ train. On a properly coupled train, air ~~lines~~ are connected between individual vehicles with their valves open. At the ends of the train, however, the ~~air line~~ valves are closed. This allows the pipe to be pressurized at {{pll\|Monitoring\|5 bar}} in normal running conditions, throughout the train, by the main reservoir. The volume of a brake ~~pipe~~ is relatively low, but it grows bigger with each additional coupled vehicle.		Brake pipe is a system of air lines designed to distribute compressed air throughout an entire train. On a properly coupled train, air line hoses are connected between individual vehicles with their valves open. At the ends of the train, however, the valves are closed. This allows the pipe to be pressurized at {{pll\|Monitoring\|5 bar}} in normal running conditions, throughout the train, by the main reservoir. The volume of brake pipes is relatively low, but it grows bigger with each additional coupled vehicle.

	==== Auxiliary Reservoirs ====		==== Auxiliary Reservoirs ====
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	Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual braking force application. When pressurized by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.		Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual braking force application. When pressurized by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.

			Brake cylinders can be {{pll\|Manual Cylinder Release\|manually released}}.

			==== Brake Control Valve ====

			Compressed air brakes, be it {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent}} or {{pll\|Train Brake\|train}}, are operated by control devices found in {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles' cabs}}. There are {{pll\|Lapping\|different types of control valves}} and they need to be properly {{pll\|Brake Cutout\|cut in}} in order to function.

	==== Train Charging ====		==== Train Charging ====
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	Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.		Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.

	~~==== Train Brake Application ====~~

	{{pll\|Train Brake\|Train brake}} is applied by a {{pll\|Lapping\|control device}} found in motorized rail vehicles. Applying brakes on a fully charged train functions by air getting dumped from the brake pipe to the atmosphere. This forces auxiliary reservoirs to feed their stored pressure to brake cylinders, pressing brake shoes against the wheels.

	~~==== Train Brake Release ====~~

	{{pll\|Train Brake\|Train brake}} is released by the same {{pll\|Lapping\|control device}}. Releasing brakes on a fully charged train functions by the brake pipe getting pressurized by main reservoir. This forces auxiliary reservoirs to recharge from the pipe and no longer feed the brake cylinders, depressing the brake shoes from the wheels.

	==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====		==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====

	Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case of vehicle connection ~~getting~~ severed, such as due to a {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, brake pipe pressure will be lost to the atmosphere, resulting in automatic full brake application on both remaining train parts. This is integral to the compressed air brake system design in trains.		Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case a vehicle connection is severed, such as due to {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, brake pipe pressure will be lost to the atmosphere, resulting in automatic full brake application on both remaining train parts. This is integral to the compressed air brake system design in trains.

	[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]		[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]

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	Each {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|~~mechanical brakes~~}} ~~that function by pressing brake shoes~~ against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.		Each {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|rail vehicle}} is equipped with mechanical brakes that function by pressing {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against the wheels. The shoes can be pressed manually with {{pll\|Handbrake\|handbrakes}}, or automatically with compressed air.

	Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. Even more importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Independent Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:		Applying brakes with compressed air is quicker, which is why some vehicles are equipped with {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent brakes}}, rather than just handbrakes. Even more importantly, compressed air allows brakes to be applied synchronously throughout an entire train, with the so called {{pll\|Independent Brake\|train brake}}. The primary components that make the compressed air brake system are:
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	Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual braking force application. When pressurized by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.		Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual braking force application. When pressurized by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.

	Brake cylinder pressure can be {{pll\|Manual Cylinder Release\|manually dumped}}~~. This is useful~~ in situations where ~~brakes need to~~ be ~~released, but waiting for a motorized vehicle to pressurize the system first is undesirable~~.		Brake cylinder pressure can be {{pll\|Manual Cylinder Release\|manually dumped}} in situations where that may be desired.

	==== Brake Control Valve ====		==== Brake Control Valve ====

	Compressed air brakes, be it {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent}} or {{pll\|Train Brake\|train}}, are operated by control ~~devices~~ found in {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles' cabs}}, usually in the form of levers. There are {{pll\|Lapping\|different types of control valves}} and they need to be properly {{pll\|Brake Cutout\|cut in}} in order to function.		Compressed air brakes, be it {{pll\|Independent Brake\|independent}} or {{pll\|Train Brake\|train}}, are operated by control valves found in {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles' cabs}}, usually in the form of levers. There are {{pll\|Lapping\|different types of control valves}} and they need to be properly {{pll\|Brake Cutout\|cut in}} in order to function.

	==== Train Charging ====		==== Train Charging ====

	Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main reservoir, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}} ~~is capable to~~, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.		Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main reservoir, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor(s)}} can, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.

	Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.		Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.
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	==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====		==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====

	Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case a vehicle connection is severed, such as due to {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, brake pipe pressure will be lost to the atmosphere, ~~resulting in automatic full brake application on both remaining train parts. This~~ is integral to the compressed air brake system design in trains.		Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case a vehicle connection is severed, such as due to {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, emergency brakes will be automatically applied on both remaining train parts. This is because the brake pipe pressure will be lost to the atmosphere, and it is integral to the compressed air brake system design in trains.

	[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]		[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]

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	{{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|~~Trains~~}} ~~are heavy. In order to stop or slow down, they~~ need a lot of braking force. ~~Rather than have one {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|~~vehicle}} in a train be equipped with brakes, ~~usually~~ all ~~the~~ vehicles ~~are brake-equipped. When~~ a ~~train is braking~~, ~~each vehicle in it is braking relatively simultaneously. This~~ is accomplished by a compressed air mechanical brake system ~~that runs throughout the train~~, simply called the {{pll\|Train Brake\|train brake}}.		In order to stop or slow down, {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|trains}} need a lot of braking force. For this reason each individual vehicle in a train is equipped with brakes, able to apply them almost simultaneously. Synchronous operation of all vehicles' brakes from a single vehicle, usually the leading locomotive, is accomplished by the compressed air mechanical brake system, simply called the {{pll\|Train Brake\|train brake}}.

	Each rail vehicle has an air line hose on either end. When vehicles are {{pll\|Coupling\|coupled}} together, their air lines are connected too. ~~By controlling~~ air ~~pressure with a single [[Train Brake\|control device]] in the leading vehicle, the entire train's brakes are controlled. The brake system pressure is created~~ by ~~{{pll\|Compressor\|compressors}}, which can be found on~~ {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles}}~~. Before going into detail about how~~ the ~~system works, let~~'s ~~get familiar with a few of the primary components:~~		Each rail vehicle has an air line hose on either end. When vehicles are {{pll\|Coupling\|coupled}} together, their air lines are connected too. The air lines serve to propagate air pumped by {{pll\|Rail Vehicle Types\|motorized vehicles}}, which is used to control the train's brakes.

	==== Main Reservoir ====		==== Main Reservoir ====

	Main reservoir is a high volume vessel found on motorized vehicles ~~that are equipped with a {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}}~~. In most cases it is automatically kept pressurized at around {{pll\|Monitoring\|8 bar}}. The main reservoir is there to provide pressure to the rest of the system.		Main reservoir is a high volume vessel found on motorized vehicles. In most cases it is automatically kept pressurized at around {{pll\|Monitoring\|8 bar}}, by an onboard {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}}. The main reservoir is there to provide pressure to the rest of the brake system.

	==== Brake Pipe ====		==== Brake Pipe ====

	Brake pipe is a system of air lines spanning through a train. On a properly coupled train, air lines are connected between individual vehicles with their valves open. At the ends of the train, however, the air line valves are closed. This allows the pipe to be pressurized at {{pll\|Monitoring\|5 bar}} in normal running conditions, by the main reservoir. The volume of a brake pipe is relatively low, but it grows bigger with each additional coupled vehicle.		Brake pipe is a system of air lines spanning through a train. On a properly coupled train, air lines are connected between individual vehicles with their valves open. At the ends of the train, however, the air line valves are closed. This allows the pipe to be pressurized at {{pll\|Monitoring\|5 bar}} in normal running conditions, throughout the train, by the main reservoir. The volume of a brake pipe is relatively low, but it grows bigger with each additional coupled vehicle.

	==== Auxiliary Reservoirs ====		==== Auxiliary Reservoirs ====

	Auxiliary reservoirs are medium volume vessels found on each individual vehicle. Pressurized by the brake pipe, they store pressure ~~to be further fed~~ to apply brakes, on demand. While auxiliary reservoirs can take a long time to charge, they ~~are almost impossible to~~ run out during regular operation.		Auxiliary reservoirs are medium volume vessels found on each individual vehicle. Pressurized by the brake pipe, they store pressure that is ready to apply brakes on demand. While auxiliary reservoirs can take a long time to charge, they practically never run out during regular operation.

	==== Brake Cylinders ====		==== Brake Cylinders ====

	Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual ~~{{pll\|Monitoring\|~~braking force application}}. When pressurized, by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.		Brake cylinders are low volume vessels found on each individual vehicle, doing the actual braking force application. When pressurized by auxiliary reservoirs, cylinders press {{pll\|Brake Shoes\|brake shoes}} against wheels, causing vehicles to slow down.

	==== Train Charging ====		==== Train Charging ====

	Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake ~~system~~ components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main reservoir, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}} ~~can do it~~, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.		Due to {{pll\|Cylinder Leaks\|leaks}}, no brake components can remain pressurized indefinitely. It usually takes some time to bring the components of unused vehicles to their nominal, high pressure level, before they can be set in motion. The two biggest factors are the main reservoir, which will charge as quickly as the respective {{pll\|Compressor\|compressor}} is capable to, and auxiliary reservoirs, which may take a long time to charge, depending on how many vehicles there are in the train.

	Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.		Adding additional locomotives to the train to improve charging speeds is a viable option, as is {{pll\|Compressor\|revving the engine}}.
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	==== Train Brake Application ====		==== Train Brake Application ====

	{{pll\|Train Brake\|Train brake}} is applied by a control device found in motorized rail vehicles. ~~Doing so~~ on a fully charged train functions by air getting dumped from the brake pipe to the atmosphere. This forces auxiliary reservoirs to feed their stored pressure to brake cylinders, pressing brake shoes against wheels.		{{pll\|Train Brake\|Train brake}} is applied by a {{pll\|Lapping\|control device}} found in motorized rail vehicles. Applying brakes on a fully charged train functions by air getting dumped from the brake pipe to the atmosphere. This forces auxiliary reservoirs to feed their stored pressure to brake cylinders, pressing brake shoes against the wheels.

	==== Train Brake Release ====		==== Train Brake Release ====

	{{pll\|Train Brake\|Train brake}} is released by the same control device. ~~Doing so~~ on a fully charged train functions by the brake pipe getting pressurized by main reservoir. This forces auxiliary reservoirs to recharge from the pipe and no longer feed the brake cylinders, depressing the brake shoes from the wheels.		{{pll\|Train Brake\|Train brake}} is released by the same {{pll\|Lapping\|control device}}. Releasing brakes on a fully charged train functions by the brake pipe getting pressurized by main reservoir. This forces auxiliary reservoirs to recharge from the pipe and no longer feed the brake cylinders, depressing the brake shoes from the wheels.

	==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====		==== Automatic Stop Safety Mechanism ====

	Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case of vehicle connection getting severed, such as due to a {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, brake pipe pressure will be lost, resulting in automatic full brake application on both remaining train parts. This is integral to the compressed air brake system design.		Crucial safety feature of the compressed air brake system is that, in case of vehicle connection getting severed, such as due to a {{pll\|Derailing\|derailment}}, brake pipe pressure will be lost to the atmosphere, resulting in automatic full brake application on both remaining train parts. This is integral to the compressed air brake system design in trains.

	[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]		[[Category:Air Brake System\|1]]